Difference between revisions of "URL Rewrite"

Revision as of 09:36, 16 July 2015 (view source) DavidC (Talk | contribs) (→‎Testing Tools) ← Older edit		Revision as of 09:39, 16 July 2015 (view source) DavidC (Talk | contribs) (→‎Additional Resources) Newer edit →
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	=== Additional Resources ===		=== Additional Resources ===
		+
		+	Below is a list of useful online resource to help you learn and familiarize yourself with regular expressions.
		+
		+	*'''Regular Expression (Wikipedia)'''
		+	*:[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression]
		+
		+	*'''Regular Expressions'''
		+	*:[http://www.regular-expressions.info/ http://www.regular-expressions.info/]
		+
		+	*'''Regular Expressions (Mozilla)'''
		+	*:[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions]
		+
		+	*'''JavaScrip RegExp Reference'''
		+	*:[http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_obj_regexp.asp http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_obj_regexp.asp]
	== Common Rewrite Rules ==		== Common Rewrite Rules ==

---

Revision as of 09:39, 16 July 2015

Overview

Platform Compatibility

Apache (Linux)

Directives - RewriteEngine

Directives - Rewrite Options

Directives - RewriteLog

Directives - RewriteLogLevel

Directives - RewriteLock

Directives - RewriteMap

Directives - RewriteBase

Directives - RewriteCond

Directives - RewriteRule

Flags - RewriteRules

Flags - RewriteCond

Variables - HTTP Headers

Variables - Request

Variables - Server Internals

Variables - Special

Variables - Time

<IfModule>

Common Issues - Filename

Common Issues - AllowOverride

Common Issues - Syntax

Common Issues - Special Characters

Common Issues - Nesting

Additional Resources

IIS (Windows)

Inbound Rules

Outbound Rules

Inheritance

Rewrite Conditions

Server Variables

String Functions

Rewrite Maps

Externalization of Rewrite Rules

Additional Resources

ISAPIRewrite (Windows)

Unsupported Features

Common Issues - Leading Slashes

Common Issues - Windows Filename Requirements

Additional Resources

Redirect Codes

301 - Moved Permanently

302 - Found

303 - See Other

307 - Temporary Redirect

308 - Permanent Redirect

Regular Expressions

Anchors

Character Classes

Character Classes - POSIX

Assertions

Quantifiers

Escape Sequences

Common Meta Characters

Special Characters

Groups and Ranges

Pattern Modifiers

String Replacement

Testing Tools

Below is a brief list of online tools to create and test regular expressions.

Regular Expressions 101
https://regex101.com/

RegExr
http://regexr.com/

RegexPal
http://regexpal.com/

Rubular
http://rubular.com

Additional Resources

Below is a list of useful online resource to help you learn and familiarize yourself with regular expressions.

• Regular Expression (Wikipedia)

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression

• Regular Expressions

  http://www.regular-expressions.info/

• Regular Expressions (Mozilla)

  https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions

• JavaScrip RegExp Reference

  http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_obj_regexp.asp

Common Rewrite Rules

Redirect to www

# Add WWW Prefix
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com [NC]
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.example.com/$1 [L,R=301,NC]
</IfModule>

Redirect to non-www

# Remove WWW Prefix
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com [NC]
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301]
</IfModule>

Redirect Single Page

# Redirect page
Redirect 301 /old.html /new.html

Redirect Entire Site

# Redirect entire domain
Redirect 301 / http://www.example.com

Redirect Entire Site with Query String

Redirect Entire Site to Sub-Folder

Redirect Sub-Folder to Different Site

Redirect to Different File Extension

# Redirect to new file extension
RedirectMatch 301 (.*)\.html$ http://www.example.com$1.php

Redirect to New Domain

Redirect Unsecure (HTTP) to Secure (HTTPS)

Redirect Mobile Users

# Redirect mobile devices
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_ACCEPT} "text\/vnd\.wap\.wml|application\/vnd\.wap\.xhtml\+xml" [NC]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/$
    RewriteRule ^ http://m.example.com%{REQUEST_URI} [R,L]
</IfModule>

Block IP Addresses

# Block IP addresses
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from 1.2.3.4

Block All Except IP Addresses

# Block all except IP addresses
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from 1.2.3.4

Block Bad Bots

# Block bad bots
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On 
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Bot [OR]
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^AnotherBotName
    RewriteRule ^.* - [F,L]
</IfModule>

Application-Specific Rewrite Rules

CakePHP

CodeIgniter

concrete5

DotNetNuke

Joomla

Magento

Mura

osCommerce

WordPress

To enable permalinks within WordPress:

1. Login to your WordPress dashboard
2. Hover over Settings on the menu
3. Choose Permalinks from the menu that appears
4. Choose one of the available permalink structures
5. Click the Save Changes button

Linux (.htaccess)

This file is generated by WordPress automatically when Permalinks are enabled using the instructions above. It is provided here for reference.

# Wordpress permalinks
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
</IfModule>

Windows (web.config)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.webServer>
        <rewrite>
            <rules>
                <rule name="WordPress Permalinks - Homepage" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url="^index\.php$" />
                    <action type="None" />
                </rule>
                <rule name="WordPress Permalinks - All Requests" stopProcessing="true">
                    <match url=".*" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsFile" negate="true" />
                        <add input="{REQUEST_FILENAME}" matchType="IsDirectory" negate="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="Rewrite" url="index.php" />
                </rule>
            </rules>
        </rewrite>
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>